Replication, Transcription, Translation

Horizontal gene transfer plays an important role in the spread of virulence factors, such as exotoxins in Bacteria.

_____ is an example of horizontal gene transfer.

Mention the importance of study of Horizontal gene transfer process.

Explain the process of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria.

Define Horizontal gene transfer.

Write about the elongation step in the transcription process.

Define transcription.

What is splicing?

Monocistronic gene is also found in prokaryotes.

Define monocistronic gene.

In what types of cells can you find monocistronic genes?

Briefly explain the process of termination of transcription in eukaryotes.

_____ factor is responsible for the process of transcription to take place in prokaryotes.

Briefly describe the process of termination of transcription in prokaryotes.

A termination sequence is a DNA sequence located towards the 3′ end (downstream) of the coding strand that provides the stop signal and ends the process of transcription.

Name the enzyme which is used to join DNA fragments, whether it is endonuclease or ligase.

Which one of the following elements is not directly involved in transcription?

In mRNA, the untranslated region are present only at $5\text{'}$ end.

Assertion (A): The structural gene in a transcription unit can be said to be monocistronic or polycistronic.

Reason (R): In eukaryotes, the monocistronic structural gene has interrupted coding sequence - but the genes in eukaryotes split. The coding sequence or expressed sequences are defined as exons. Exons are said to be those sequence that appears in mature or processed $\mathrm{RNA}.$
The correct answer is